Simple Machines-Not So Simple Concepts

Jackie Fego’s third graders are learning about simple machines–but there is nothing simple about their level of comprehension. 

“Who can name the simple machines?” asked Fego.

“Level and pulley,” said Daniel Vasquez.

“Wedge,” said Jacob Ladino.

“Wheel, axle and inclined plane,” said Owen Borneman.

“What’s the point of a simple machine?” asked Fego.

“To make work easier,” explained Daniel.

“How does an inclined plane make the work easier?” asked Fego.

“By distributing the weight across a distance,” said Emme Sontag.

“Do you think it makes a difference if the length of an inclined plane is longer than the height?” asked Fego. “Let’s investigate!”

Fego set up a 2-by-8 plank on an incline and filled an Amazon box with batteries. The idea was to determine if sliding the box up the inclined plane was easier than lifting and walking with the box. Students lined up to lift the box and then slide the box up the plane. It was immediately obvious to everyone that sliding was much easier than lifting the heavy box. 

The exercise is part of the Project Lead the Way third-grade curriculum. Students explore simple machines and investigate the effects of balanced and unbalanced forces on the motion of an object. In a few weeks they will have to devise a way to rescue a zoo animal using their knowledge of simple machines.

“Students are so excited by these science lessons because they are so hands-on,” explained Fego. “The program introduces students early on to high-level concepts which engage them in learning that feels fun and encourages them to keep discovering.”